Supreme Court Has Now Rendered A Landmark Decision On Art.356

BOMMAI CASE:- The Supreme Court has now rendered a landmark decision on Art.356(1) in S.R. Bommai v. India. The case arose in the context of the following facts. In 1989, the Janata Dal Ministry headed by Shri S.R. Bommai was in office in Karnataka. A number of members defected from the party and there arose a question mark on the majority support in the House for the Bommai’s Ministry. The Chief Minister proposed to the Governor that the Assembly session be called to test the strength of the Ministry on the floor of the alternative government but reported to the President that as Shri Bommai had lost the majority support in the House, and as no other party was in a position to form the government, action be taken under Art.356(1). Accordingly, the President issued the proclamation in April, 1989. Bommai challenged the validity of the proclamation before the Karnataka High Court through a writ petition on various grounds. The High Court ruled that the proclamation issued under Art.356(1) is not wholly outside the pole of judicial scrutiny; the satisfaction of the President under Art.356(1) which is a condition present for issue of the proclamation ought to be real and genuine satisfaction based on relevant facts and circumstances. The scope of judicial scrutiny is therefore confined to an examination whether the disclosed reasons bear any rational nexus to the action proposed or proclamation issued. The courts may examine as to whether the proclamation was based on aShow MoreRelatedResiduary Power Art.2489736 Words   |  39 Pagesfollows: U.S.A is regarded as the example of true federation, whereas India has followed the Canadian model of federation and is regarded as the example of loose federation. In the words of D.D.Basu, the Constitution of India is neither purely federal nor unitary, but is a combination of both. It is a union or a composite of a novel type. 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Steroids in Sports Free Essays

Steroids in Sports In many places around the world today, sports competitions are increasing in popularity due to the quest to win, to be the best. Many athletes will do anything to win, whether that means breaking the rules or cheating. The desire to win is imbedded into all humans, especially when professional athletes of today’s age are becoming icons and are viewed as figures of greatness by their rare abilities to perform at such a high level. We will write a custom essay sample on Steroids in Sports or any similar topic only for you Order Now The quest for money and fame is also a common reason for athletes to cheat or bend the rules. Steroid use is the most common form of cheating in all sports today. Other than the fact that they are harmful to your body, they are taking away from sports and sending the wrong messages to aspiring athletes. The issue that is currently being addressed in the sports industry is that if so many people are already using steroids, such as bodybuilders and athletes, then why not make them legal and let people use them at their own risk? Or rather should we just keep them illegal due to their harmful health risks and promotion of unfair advantages in sports? Before getting into the ethical concerns about the legalization of steroids, let’s talk about what steroids are and how they work. A steroid is a synthetic substance similar to the male sex hormone testosterone. The most common use of steroids is having them injected into skeletal muscles or they are taken in powder and pill form. There are so many types of steroids and each of them has its own value. Many types of steroids are used for medical conditions and health problems. These types of steroids are prescribed by doctors. Any type of steroid that is not prescribed by a doctor is illegal. Steroids that are taken by athletes and other abusers take them in cycles of weeks and months. This is called cycling. Cycling involves taking several doses of steroids over a definite period of time, stopping for a period, and then starting again. Along with this method, steroid users often use the â€Å"stacking† method during their cycles (NIDA 1). This is when users will combine several different types of steroids to get maximal results while minimizing negative effects. There are many effects from the use of steroids, some positive and some negative. Though there are more negative effects then there are positive ones, many of the positive effects of steroids include treatment for medical conditions. Anabolic steroids can be legally prescribed to treat conditions like delayed puberty as well as diseases that result in loss of lean muscle mass, such as cancer and AIDS (NIDA 1). Short term effects of steroids are the ability to train harder and longer and an increase in lean muscle mass and strength. Minor negative side-effects include excessive hair growth, oily skin, acne, and a deepening voice. These are just minor short term side-effects though. The effects of steroid use that are the main concerns of users are increased risk of cancer, heart attack and liver disease. Also, increased blood pressure, increased risk of atherosclerosis, and obstructive sleep apnea may occur (NIDA 2). For men, shrinkage of the testicles, baldness, and risk of prostate cancer are things to be aware of. For women, common side-effects are facial hair, male-pattern baldness, and a deepening voice. Lastly, adolescence taking steroids may stunt their growth and accelerate puberty changes. The use of steroids in baseball has been revealed, and was put out in the open. Steroids have been utilized in baseball for decades, but just lately have arrived into the lime light. In the summer of 2003, the USADA obtains a secret fluid, brought in anonymously. This fluid, ‘the clear’, turns out to be Tetrahydrogestrinone. It’s an untraceable steroid utilized by some of the world’s top athletes. Later it is disclosed that Trevor Graham, a sprint adviser to some of the elite sprinters, submitted the steroid and the baseball steroid era began. The steroid was traced back to Victor Conte at BALCO labs, and it is finally discovered out that Patrick Arnold was the pharmacist who evolved the steroid. Barry Bonds’ name is cited as one of BALCO’s large-scale clients. In fall of 2004, steroid checking starts under the MLB’s new collective bargaining agreement. Barry Bonds undergoes random checking, and proceeds on to win his 7th organization MVP. Over the next couple of years, some athletes are connected to BALCO and anabolic steroids. Many athletes came ahead and accepted their steroid usage while some still asserted innocence. In 2007, previous Senator George Mitchell issues a 409 piece report, after a 21 month enquiry considering steroids in baseball. The report titles 89 people engaged in baseball who have are suspect of utilizing steroids. Again, some athletes eventually accept to utilizing steroids, while there are still numerous, which have been suspect, deny utilizing anabolic steroids. In the years after 2007, more proof is discovered opposing many MLB players and some apologies are made. Anabolic steroids are still utilized in baseball today, and ball players still undergo drug tests. Professional sports needs the most gifted athletes in the world, and people will manage anything they can to get the intended for display, even if it is endangering their career. Tetrahydrogestrinone, opened the eyes of newspapers and followers around the world to not only steroid use in baseball, but steroid use in all sports. Not a day goes by without hearing about a steroid associated case, or an athlete failing the drug test. Fans and parents anticipate professional athletes to be models. Because of baseball’s steroid scandal, steroids are better liked than ever, in both adults, and teens. Several associations, and retired athletes, for example Jose Canseco, are now conversing to juvenile teens about steroid edge consequences, steroid misuse, and hazards of anabolic steroids. Major League Baseball had an established steroid rule which was made in 2002. Under this rule, a first time violation would only result in therapy for the player. Not one contestant was ever suspended. After the BALCO scandal, Major League Baseball eventually determined to buckle down and topic harsher punishments for steroid users. The new principle, which was acknowledged by Major League Baseball players, was handed out at the start of the 2005. It stated that the first positive test will result in a suspension of up to ten days. The second positive test will result in a suspension of thirty days. The third positive test will result in a suspension of sixty days. The fourth positive test will result in a suspension of one full year. Finally, the fifth positive test will outcome in a punishment at the discretion of the Commissioner of Major League Baseball. Players will be checked not less than one time per year, with a possibility that some players can be checked many times per year. Bud Selig, the Commissioner of Major League Baseball, successfully made the living principle and has suggested even harder punishments for positive tests than the ones in place today. The new punishments that Bud Selig has suggested are a â€Å"three strikes and you’re out approach†. This is that the first positive test would result in a fifty game suspension. The second positive test would result in a one-hundred game suspension. Finally, the third positive test would result in a lifetime suspension from Major League Baseball. These new suggested punishments are much harsher than either of the first two, although, they should be acknowledged by both the players before any changes can be made. Under the present rule, the first Major League ballplayers have been suspended for checking positive. The Mitchell Report, or Report to the Commissioner of Baseball of an Independent Investigation into the Illegal Use of Steroids and Other Performance Enhancing Substances by Players in Major League Baseball, is the outcome of previous United States Senator George J. Mitchell’s enquiry into the use of anabolic steroids and human development hormone in Major League Baseball. The 409-page Mitchell Report, issued on December 13, 2007, shows the use of illegal game enhancing substances by players and the effectiveness of the MLB pharmaceutical checking program. It’s still present that Senator Mitchell’s recommendations considering the management of past illegal drug use and future avoidance practices. The Mitchell Report names eighty-nine Major League Baseball players who are supposed to have used steroids or drugs. George Mitchell, a previous United States Senator and prosecutor, was nominated by Baseball Commissioner Bud Selig on March 30, 2006 to enquire the use of performance-enhancing drugs in MLB. Mitchell was nominated throughout a time of argument over the journal Game of Shadows, which chronicles thought complete use of performance-enhancing drugs, around some distinct kinds of steroids and development hormone by Barry Bonds. Bud Selig determined to start the method of ending the illegal use of steroids and performance enhancing drugs after reading Game of Shadows. The term was made after some influential people of the US Congress made opposing remarks about the effectiveness and honesty of MLB anti-performance enhancing drug policies. In recent news in sports today, many players are being caught using illegal substances of performance enhancing drugs. For example, San Francisco Giants outfielder, Melky Cabrera, was caught using illegal performance enhancing drugs late in the 2012 season. He was sentenced to the 50 game suspension and this also takes a toll on his popularity which was increasing due to his MVP caliber stats. His suspension is the most significant in-season ban by MLB since Manny Ramirez received his first 50-game suspension in 2009† (Lacques 1). Though the Giants won the World Series without Melky Cabrera, they most likely will not offer him a contract extension in the 2013 season, in which he will be a free agent. Steroids may also cause inner turmoil within players. They may become disliked by other teammates because th ey are harming themselves and cheating. It is not fair to those who don’t take steroids and work out hard to make themselves become a better player. For example, Dustin Pedroia, 5’ 6† second baseman for the Red Sox, won MVP of the league in 2008 without any steroid use. On the other hand, Alex Rodriguez, Yankees third baseman, who has won multiple MVP’s recently admitted to three years of steroid use. As far as the fans know, steroids could have helped him during his years of greatness. That leaves many people to believe he is a great player, but did not put in the hard work like Dustin, who earned the respect of millions with his work ethic and determination. I believe that the use of steroids or any performance enhancing drugs should remain illegal in sports. The United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO)  division on anti-doping believes that â€Å"doping jeopardizes the moral and ethical basis of sport and the health of those involved in it†Ã‚  (Ashby 1). I agree with UNESCO because steroids will cause an unfair advantage for many people in sports. Sports will no longer be about who has the most talents or puts the most work into becoming better but more about who has the better steroids to make them better. The National Football League created its own policy on steroids and performance enhancing drugs because they believe it threatens the integrity of athletic competition (Ashby 1). Many people are beginning to believe that legalizing steroids will benefit sports because it will create a higher, faster level of play. It is also argued that since many athletes are being caught using them anyways that they should just be made legal to stop with the suspensions and taking away of titles earned by players while using steroids. For example, the US Anti-Doping Agency stripped cyclist Lance Armstrong of his seven Tour de France titles and banned him from the sport for life for doping. There are some who believe it is wrong to take his titles away but in my belief I think that it is only right for his titles to be stripped. Well, maybe not all seven of them, but the ones in which he was using steroids during. There are many psychological and physical side effects to your body from continued steroid use. Psychologically, a player may go from a state of well-being to a state of depression. Players tend to have outbursts known as â€Å"roid rage†, which is a feeling insecurity when they are playing bad even though they are on this drug. Mood swings and intense aggression and violence have also been known to occur. Some players feel that steroid use will benefit their career by making them a better player. This is not true. Most are looking for a quick way to increase their speed, endurance, muscle mass and physical size. They want to have a stronger physique which gives them confidence as well as strength to perform better on the baseball field. Some also tend to get addicted to the steroid habit. Some players who have been injured, mildly or dramatically, require this drug to recover from the injury, but then cannot live without it. Jason Giambi, former Yankee first baseman, was overweight, slow, and a poor hitter at the beginning of his career. In order to maintain his position on the team, he chose to take steroids after workouts to alter his body. This had an immediate effect, but after he was caught, he went from being a well-rounded player, back to slumps in his game and having to work hard like everyone else. There is also the business standpoint that leaves many people to think that steroids should be legal. Former baseball players Mark McGwire and Sammy Sosa put on two of the most memorable baseball seasons in 1998 and 1999. Fans became invested in the home run races, especially in 1998 when McGwire shattered Roger Maris’ 37-year-old single season home run record. More jerseys were sold that offseason than in any other. This view is that steroids will cause many players to break records and there will be an increase in fans. My view is that the players who take steroids and break records are breaking the records of those who actually worked hard and stayed clean while achieving them. This, to me, is a good way to describe the unfairness due to the fact that sports won’t be about achieving greatness and success through hard work, determination, and great talent, but by having some talent and taking lots of steroids. Based upon research and studies of the dramatic effects steroid use, I believe that steroid should remain illegal unless used for medicinal purposes. Reasons being the negative and long lasting effects it can have on one’s body, along with the negative effect that they will cause in the change of the integrity and fairness of sports. Numerous anti-doping policies have been created to stop the use of steroids in sports today and I feel that with a strong push towards a clean and fair game, these organizations might be able to nearly eliminate steroids from many sports. Major athletes may enjoy the results but are clueless to extent of the damage it will cause them in the future. Lastly, there is no reason for people to harm their bodies for short term results and according to April Ashby, â€Å"Steroids have no place in sports† (Ashby 1). How to cite Steroids in Sports, Essay examples

Mechanism Behind Cystine-Tellurite Blood Agar free essay sample

These tellurite-resistant bacteria reduce tellurite to its elemental less toxic form tellurium Te0 intracellularly. The result is the accumulation of black deposits inside the cell is due to either internal or periplasmic accumulation of Te. Tellurite toxicity results from its ability to act as a strong oxidizing agent over a variety of cell components. Tellurite could exert its toxicity through intracellular generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Tellurite inhibits the cellular response to oxidative stresses. To inhibit the growth of most normal bacterial inhabitants of the upper respiratory tract, including most species of Streptococcus and Staphylococcus, is to inhibit the growth of aerobic organisms through the presence of oxygen and high concentration of tellurite. Reactive oxygen species compounds such as hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (O2-) and hydroxyl redical (OH-) are natural byproducts of the normal metabolism of oxygen that can be formed by exposure of cells to free-radical generating molecules like metals and metalloids. We will write a custom essay sample on Mechanism Behind Cystine-Tellurite Blood Agar or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ROS compounds are generally very small molecules and are highly reactive due to the presence of unpaired valence shell electrons. Increase of ROS levels dramatically due to the action of tellurite will result in significant damage to cell structures. This situation is known as oxidative stress. Generally, harmful effects of reactive oxygen species on the cell are most often: 1. damage of DNA 2. oxidations of polydesaturated fatty acids in lipids 3. xidations of amino acids in proteins 4. oxidatively inactivate specific enzymes by oxidation of co-factors In aerobic organisms, the energy needed to fuel biological functions is produced in the mitochondria via the electron transport chain, in addition to energy reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced which have the potential to cause cellular damage. ROS can damage DNA, RNA, and proteins. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is converted from superoxide that leaks from the mitochondria. Within the bacterial cell, there is catalase and superoxide dismutase that help to minimize the damaging effects of hydrogen peroxide by converting it into oxygen and water, benign molecules, however this conversion is not 100% efficient, and residual peroxides persist in the cell. Thus, excessive amounts of can cause damage to the bacterial cell. The resistance of C. diphtheriae to tellurite increases approximately ten-fold when cells are grown under anaerobic conditions, which is presumably due to the cell’s inability to produce ROS products under oxygen deprivation conditions. Gram-positive bacteria have an intrinsic low-level resistance to TeO32? , while high-level resistance has been determined in certain gram-negative obligate aerobic photosynthetic species. The capacity of these bacteria to grow at the presence of high tellurite concentrations depends on two factors: a. Plasmids (such as IncHI, IncHII, and IncP plasmids) have genetic determinants that allows the adaption of tellurite-resistant organisms to survive. b. Chromosomal genes important for growth in the presence of K2TeO3 have been identified in a few species, but their role has not been clearly determined. Most gram-negative bacteria do not grow in the presence of tellurite because they do not have these plasmids and chromosomal genes to help in the adaption. Most tellurite toxicity takes place in an aerobic environment. The increasing level of resistance of an organism depends primarily on the absence of oxygen. References:

The London Bombings of 2005

Introduction The London bombings of 2005 occurred on Seventh July in the morning hours commonly referred to as the rush hour where four bombs were detonated killing more than fifty people and injuring more than seven hundred. The attacks targeted the British civilians particularly those using underground trains.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The London Bombings of 2005 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Three out of the four explosions took place in underground trains and they occurred in quick succession leading to panic through out the public transport system in London and other major towns in the European region. The United States of America also became alert as there were fears its transport system would also be targeted. The fourth bomb detonated an hour later in a double-decker bus and this made the public panic even more due to the sensitivity of the issue and it almost brought business to a stand still due to fear (Frost, par 3, 2008). However, with time the public regained their confidence on public means though caution was still high. Circumstances and Responses to the London Bombings of 2005 As a result of the London bomb attacks; there were high alert responses from disaster preparedness management departments and also massive response from other emergency services through out the city of London. In the weeks that followed, people almost shunned the use of London’s public transport system especially after another attack targeting the public was experienced few days later. It was only after some weeks later that the public started showing back some confidence in the public transport system by defying all the odds and the days that followed, the city started regaining its life again though with more security alerts and less underground rail services. To the rest of the cities in Britain and other major cities in the world, especially in the European region and the U nited States, there were numerous security alerts over the issue with the public being advised to be on the look out both by the governments where they were residing and their home governments. Apart from the public response that resulted in the reduced number of public transport users, the security response became alert both in London and other countries.Advertising Looking for research paper on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For example, in the United States of America, the Homeland Security raised threat level for mass transit systems such as the use of trains and buses. In all major cities (particularly in Washington and New York) equipped police force and explosives detecting dogs were positioned (Frost, 2008, par 8). European countries also responded to the attacks by raising their alert levels. For example, France responded to the terror attacks by raising the level of terror alert to red which was the second highest leveling response to the London bombings. In Germany, the levels were a bit low placing their alert levels to yellow level which showed that the likelihood of the country being attacked was minimal while in Spain, the level was raised to level three which is the highest in the country. At that level, it entailed that the security personnel were to patrol the (public) transport systems (Frost, 2008 p.6). In nations like Singapore, security measures were immediately enforced on the sector (public transport) where the equipped officers were positioned in every area. Plans for installation of CCTV cameras in all trains and buses and the public was also put into place and updates on the status of the security alerts and the expectations were communicated to the public to avoid confusion and other ugly scenes from occurring. These among others were the security alerts issues all over major cities in Europe and America. The response (by the London emergency and transport ation systems) were portrayed as the most broad and multifaceted response ever to a terrorist molest (Strom Eveman, 2008, par2) On the other hand, there were also media responses. In the UK, TV and radio networks dropped their programming schedules in order to cover the news and the same was experienced in other major news organizations such as the Cable News Network.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The London Bombings of 2005 specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The media houses also responded by removing some of the programs which were to be viewed that night or the days that followed especially if they were to cover terrorism or bombing attacks. This among other media houses postponed some of their programs which involved suicide bombers due to the sensitivity of the matter (Frost, 2008 par. 21). There were also legislative reactions where in the UK, parliament began by fast tracking the enactment of an ti terror bill which could criminalize all acts as preparatory to terrorism, training and incitement activities. There was the legislation of the Prevention of Terrorism Act 2006 (Sim, 2010, par. 7). The community on the other hand answered by launching websites which stated they were not afraid and they could not be cowed by any terrorism act. Compare and contrast the London bombings with the 1995 Oklahoma City bombing and the 1996 Olympics bombing. During the preparations for the Atlanta 1996 Olympics, the federal authorities feared there would be terror attacks before or during the event in order to instill fear among the crowds and participants. There were preparations to reduce the vulnerability with the organizers engaging the US custom services to provide flying radar platforms and also place secret service snipers on helicopters to warn off or take out planes threatening the games. However, despite the preparations, caution and regulations, they failed to stop a lone bomber from striking. A single person armed with a small bomb was able to detonate it in a public square killing two people and injuring over a hundred others (Selliaas, 2005 p.).Advertising Looking for research paper on political sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Before the September 11 attacks, the Oklahoma City building had been described as the most destructive act of terrorism in the United States of America. The blast claimed more than 160 lives and injured more than 650 people. The bombs destroyed many buildings within a sixteen block radius, razed cars and shuttered glasses in the buildings around. As a result of the bombings, the US government enacted laws in a bid to control and stop terrorism as well as boosting protection around state buildings and to the American populace in order to stop any attacks from occurring in the future. The similarities of the three attacks were the fact that they involved use of bombs which were detonated by Islamic extremists. All the attacks were aimed at the public and were in retaliation to the government activities against the Muslim world. They were used as a means of venting anger by the bombers to the governments which to them were oppressive. For example, the London attacks which were conducte d by four Muslims were in retaliation against the British government for participating in the war against terror in Iraq, Palestine, Chechnya among other countries. According to the tapes of the bombers, some of the bombers targeted the British civilians because they were the electorate that had voted in the government which was committing atrocities on the people (Muslim). For the Oklahoma attacks, the bombers were in retaliation to the victims of Waco siege and ruby Ridge attacks (Kushner, 2003 p.8). The Olympics attacks on the other hand were in retaliation to abortion. Another similarity was that the bombings in the two countries (Britain and USA) led to legislation of new laws which would deter any future bomb attacks in Britain. We had the anti terror bill by Clarke while in the USA we had the federal legislation which protected all the federal buildings from attacks. The difference between the three bombings was the materials used to make the bombs differed. The sizes of the bombs and their destructive capabilities were also different due to the fact that there were different number of casualties in the incidences with the bombing of Oklahoma being the most destructive while the Olympics bombing was the least destructive with minimal losses of lives. The three bombings also targeted different locations. While the Oklahoma bombings targeted civilians in buildings, the Olympics bombing targeted people in the stadium while the London bombings targeted people using public means of transport especially the underground train system. The motivations behind the bombings were also different though all the attacks were directed towards the governments reducing their presence in the Muslim world as wanted by the terrorists. Conclusion Security problems and threats from terrorists remain a major problem to every human being but it is positive to note that there has been willingness to invest more in security and access controls. We can conclude that measures carrie d by the relevant authorities were sufficient in handling the situation and the law enforcing agents enacted and implemented extra precautionary measures such as the anti-terrorism act to prevent future occurrences of terror attacks in their lands. Recommendations Given the urgencies reflected by the relevant authorities to deter the bombings, in the case of Oklahoma, Atlanta Olympics bombings there was nothing I could have done better than what was done. But concerning the London bombings a second attempt would not have succeeded if the authorities had remained alert through out but to prevent the occurrence of the situations. With all the intelligence the United States of America and the Britain possesses, the two countries should have implemented precautionary measures ensuring that in all points of entry, people are frisked and the reasons of their visits be noted and where surveillance on certain individuals is needed certain measures should be taken. Measures to track down all those individuals affiliated to terror groups such as the Al-Qaeda and other extremist groups must be enhanced. If these measures had been implemented earlier, the detection of attempts to bombing would have been on time, saving lives that were lost and properties which were destroyed. Reference List Frost, M. (2008). Response to the 2005 London Bombings. Web. Kushner, W. H. (2003). Encyclopedia of Terrorism. New York: Sage Publishers. Selliaas, A. (2005). From Internationalization of Terrorism to the Internationalization: The Role of the Summer Olympic Games of Anti-terrorism. Web. Sim, P. (2010). Counter-Terrorism Legislation in the UK: How the War on Terror has Affected British Policy-Making. Web. Strom, K, J., Eyeman, J. (2008). Interagency Coordination: A Case Study of the 2005 London Train Bombings. National Institute Justice Journal No.260. Web. This research paper on The London Bombings of 2005 was written and submitted by user Zeke Beasley to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Israel Essays - Anthrozoology, Fish, Oily Fish, Scombridae

Israel Essays - Anthrozoology, Fish, Oily Fish, Scombridae Israel Teams of archaeologists were excavating in Israel when they came upon a cave. Written across the wall of the cave were the following symbols, in this order of appearance: A woman, a donkey, a shovel, a fish and a Star of David. They decided that this was a unique find and the writings were at least three thousand years old. They chopped out the piece of stone and had it brought to the museum, where archeologists from all over the world came to study the ancient symbols. They held a huge meeting after months of conferences to discuss the meaning of the markings. The president of the society stood up and pointed to the first drawing and said: This looks like a woman. We can, therefore, judge that this race was family oriented and held women in high esteem. You can also tell that they were intelligent, industrious, inventive, and resourceful. The next symbol resembles a donkey, so, they were smart enough to have animals help them till the soil. The following pictograph, the image of what appears to be a shovel of some sort, which indicates that they had tools at their disposal to make their work more efficient and purposeful. Even further proof of their high intelligence is the next picture, that of a fish, which clearly means that if a famine had hit the earth, whereby food did not grow, they would take to the sea for food. And finally, the last symbol, evidently a Star of David, although somewhat primitive in design, indicates that these early inhabitants were indeed Hebrews. The audience of archaeologists applauded enthusiastically. Suddenly, an old man stood up in the back of the room and said, Idiots! Hebrew is read from right to left! It says: Holy Mackerel! Dig the Ass on that Woman!

6 Gift Ideas for Teachers

6 Gift Ideas for Teachers Schools have different policies about teacher gifts. In some schools, the parents association collects money and buys each teacher a gift, while in other schools, parents can give what they wish to teachers, administrators or to other staff. Some schools provide guidelines for parents to follow, while others leave this completely up to the students and their families. While there are urban legends (some of them true) about parents providing teachers with lavish presents and, more commonly, providing  college guidance officers with expensive gifts throughout the year, it is generally more suitable for parents to buy teachers gifts either during the winter holidays, during National Teacher Appreciation Week (which takes place in early May)  or at the end of the school year. While some families pride themselves on finding the perfect gift that suits a teachers personality, others opt for homemade gifts or treats, while others look for gifts that help the teachers in the classroom. Looking for some inspiration? Check out these teacher gift ideas:   Gift Cards If youre not sure what your teacher needs or wants as a gift, opt for a gift card. General gift cards to places like Amazon.com or Barnes Noble can be perfect. If you know your teachers favorite coffee shop, grab a gift card to his or her favorite shop. Dont fret over the amount, either, its the thought that counts. Books and Materials for the Classroom While many private schools are fortunate enough to have well-stocked libraries, teachers often compile lists of the books, DVDs, programs, or technology that they need in their classrooms that go above and beyond the annual budget. It may be a good idea to start with your schools librarian when looking to buy a teacher a gift, as the librarian may keep a list of what the teacher needs, including not only titles that relate to the teachers curriculum but also magazine subscriptions or DVDs that can support their teaching; you can also give gifts to the library to thank the deserving librarians. A technology teacher can let you know if your childs teacher or the tech department have specific requests for their classrooms. Well-Loved Books You can never go wrong with an extra hard-copy edition of an inspirational book or one that the teacher uses in the classroom. If you are looking for titles, you can start with the ten most commonly read books in private high schools, which often appear on school reading lists.   Movies About Teachers and Schools There are a number of movies about private schools that make good teacher gifts, including The Dead Poets Society (1989), The Emperors Club (2002), and the classic Goodbye, Mr. Chips (1939). Another great film about an English prep school is The History Boys (2006), based on a play by Alan Bennett. Its about a group of bright, outspoken boys at a provincial British high school who are coached to pass the written exams to get into Cambridge and Oxford by a set of eccentric faculty members. Though the movie takes place in Britain, the students and classroom discussions are similar to those at American private schools. Dessert and a Card Keep in mind that a cookie and a note go a long way. The best gifts I ever received as a teacher were thoughtful notes written by my students and their parents. I keep every single one of them, as do many of the teachers and faculty I know. One administrator I met even tacked every single thank-you note he had ever received to his bulletin board. He would look at these thoughtful notes on bad days. These notes are wonderful pick-me-ups and reminders to teachers why they do the hard work that they do all year. You can accompany the note with a coffee mug customized to the teachers interests (for example, featuring a writer or a mathematician), or you can use this baking website to make some cookies to go along with the note; nothing will be sweeter. Make a Donation to the School's Annual Fund This can be a great way for a family to show their appreciation for a teacher while benefitting the schools annual fund. Make a donation of any amount that you are able to make, and you can designate the gift to be in honor of one or more teachers. The development office will usually send a note to the teachers letting them know that a gift was made in their honor, but you can also send a note stating that youve done this simple act. Your gift to the Annual Fund will be put towards the general budget which benefits all aspects of the school, enhancing the experience for your child and his or her teachers.

Economics of war Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Economics of war - Research Paper Example The causes of war have been different over the years and so have been their consequences. While come believe that wars are wrong no matter why they are caused and what is gained out of them; others believe that all’s well that ends well. But wars have never ended in good only. When it has resulted in a power fight and one nation seems to have won it, it has also lost the blood of many of its dedicated soldiers and other innocent nationals of its area. These days, almost every nation is equipped with nuclear weaponry making wars more deadly than ever. The first nuclear attack in the world was on Nagasaki and Hiroshima at the time of the end of World War 1. It marked the end of these cities and the civilizations that nurtured there. With the years going by, nuclear weaponry has only improved, thereby, indicating that now if one nation decided to blow up another using its nuclear power, it most likely to destruct a large part of the globe (Poast, 115). Indeed, the loss will be mu ch greater in emotional, financial and earthy sense than anyone can imagine. This is why it is very important for nations to carefully understand the economics of war before indulging themselves in such an activity. We are here not only to conquer places and make money but also to learn to live in harmony with each other. Every nation, color, creed and civilization is different from the other but this is no excuse for a war, we need to understand and accept these differences and in fact cherish them (Walzer, 200). Economics of war The most fundamental concept of Economics is of opportunity cost. Opportunity cost is the cost of what we forgo for what we gain or hope to gain from anything that we consume or purchase or decide about. For example, if a nation wishes to indulge in a war with another nation, it needs to first evaluate what it may gain. It may achieve success, money, land, power, slaves etc. it also needs to evaluate what it may lose in the process. And it may lose all tha t it may gain in addition to the lives of many innocent people. Also, it would waste its time and resources which may have been put to better use otherwise(Arnson, 45). Thus this evaluation of economics of war is essential for all the nations today. Any nation that decides to posing a war without thinking of its consequences will be doing more harm to itself and the world than it can imagine. Wastage of scarce resources The world is full of scarce resources. We need to use them very carefully or we will deprive ourselves and our coming generations of blessings like electricity, locomotives and other machines that make our lives much easier. Wars on the other hand require a lot of resources, a lot more than we can otherwise imagine consuming in the same time frame. Thus, when indulging in warfare, a country needs to be sure what it is at the risk of losing. Weaponry is expensive so is fuel that is used to drive large tanks and nuclear weapons and missiles are very expensive and destr uctive. A country may very well use the economic resources that it plans on warfare to improving its own nation’s industries, roads, parks and other national amenities thereby improving the living standard of its nationals (Egnal, 314). The world is a global village. We all live in a very interrelated surrounding. The ecosystem is balanced because one thing supports the other. It is all like a large heap of books, one on the other. The war may be a blow

Biography on Christian Andreas Doppler & The Doppler Effect Term Paper

Biography on Christian Andreas Doppler & The Doppler Effect - Term Paper Example Doppler started teaching temporarily at the University of Vienna after two years at the University. It was at this time that he published his first four mathematics papers. For several years, he tried to apply for a permanent teaching position in various schools, universities, and colleges (Maulik, 2005). All this while he was supporting himself by working as a bookkeeper at a local cotton spinning mill. Life became too hard for him as he was not getting the permanent job he wanted, so he decided to pack and go look for better pastures in America (Kinsella and Pertoff, 2004). However, just before he left, he received a job offer in Prague at the Technical Secondary School. However, he soon found himself bored and yearning for something that was more exciting than elementary mathematics. He, therefore, applied for a job as a teacher of higher mathematics. In the meantime, he did not let his mathematical skills rust away. He ensured that his mathematics skills were always sharp by doing part-time work at the Vienna Polytechnic Institute (Coman, 2004). Doppler did not have to wait for long before a major job opportunity presented itself to him. While working as a part-timer at the Vienna Polytechnic, the position of Geometry and Mathematics Professor became vacant and he applied for it, confident that he would get the job. Getting the job, however, was not as smooth a ride as Doppler had hoped it would be. He had to fight off competition from several other top contenders (Baxter, Allan, and Morley, 1999). This situation affected him and he began to experience poor health. The strain of teaching added to his health woes. Soon his students were complaining about his tests which they said were too unfair and harsh. He eventually asked for sick leave, and it is during this time of rest that Doppler presented one of his most famous papers.

Formative Evaluation Essay Example for Free

Formative Evaluation Essay The processes of evaluation depend mainly on the purpose of the evaluation and the object to be evaluated. There are many processes of evaluation, but the most important basic distinction in these processes is between formative and summative. Formative Evaluation In this process, the evaluation is done on the strengths, weaknesses and even on how to improve the object. It is usually done by examining the delivery of the service or the technology, implementation of the quality, and the assessment of the organizational personnel, procedures, and context among others. The formative evaluation can be subdivided into the following types of evaluation which are very essential: assessment evaluation, which is used in order to determine the feasibility of the evaluation and how the administrators, sponsors, donors among others can help to improve its usefulness; process evaluation, this mainly involves investigation of the process of service or technology delivery and other alternative delivery processes; needs assessment, this is used to determine who needs the program, the greatness of the need, and even how to meet the need; and lastly, implementation evaluation, which involves the monitoring of the fidelity of service or technology deliverance ( Trochim, 2006). Summative evaluation This process of evaluation examines the outcomes of the effects of some object on the service or technological deliverance. It usually describes what happens subsequent to technology or service delivery, assess whether the object caused the observed outcome, and even est imate the cost associated with the object. The summative evaluation consists of several types and these include: impact evaluation, this usually involves the assessment of the overall effects of the service or the technology; outcome evaluation, this deals with investigating whether the service or the technology caused the effects on that specific target outcome; cost effectiveness and benefit analysis, which deals with questions of efficiency and effectiveness by standardizing the outcomes in terms of values and cost; meta-analysis, which involves the integration of the outcome estimates from the all the studies done to come to an overall judgement about the question(s) being evaluated; and lastly, secondary analysis, which involves reexamination of the existing data so that new questions can be addressed or new methods can used (Trochim, 2006). The most important objectives of evaluation is to provide a useful feedback to various audiences, who may include administrators, sponsors, staff and even donors among others. It is often done to gauge success in attaining organization goals. In most cases, the feedback from evaluation is perceived as useful since it helps in decision-making and policy formulation. However, in very rare cases the evaluation feedback can fail to influence the making of short-term decisions. The evaluation tool is mainly used in a workplace by the employers to review employee performance and is usually done by the supervisors or senior managers. In such a case, it may involve assessing how the employee is doing using performance scale rating which show the strengths and weaknesses in important areas which may include promptness and following given instructions among others. The employees are also given the chance to share their suggestions and concerns about the workplace experiences and details such as pay raise, promotions and many others. Furthermore, the significant progress made in achieving the employee goals in a set time period is also evaluated. These employee goals can be set by the organization or can be set voluntary. Word Count: 560 Reference List Trochim W. T. (2006). Research Methods Knowledge Base. Retrieved on May 2, 2009 from http://www. socialresearchmethods. net/kb/index. php

The 3 Horizontally Enhanced Pigs :: essays research papers

The 3 Horizontally Enhanced Pigs Once upon a time there lived three pigs. Together they owned a very popular restaurant, "Pork Boys." Each of the pigs made different burgers for different people. The first pig, Hamm was trying to watch his weight so he made Veggie Burgers. The secound pig named Pork Chop made his burger with special High protein cheese and fat free thousand island dressing. The third pig, Bacon, made the grease burger with three slabs of beef, four pieces of(turkey) bacon, five different cheeses, super fat secret sauce, grease on the side, and your choice of any bun except whole wheat. "Flash!!! This just in. There have been reports of Richard Simons sightings in the area so head for high grounds and hide your oldies cassetes. This is not a test, I repeat not a test." "Hamm, lock the doors!" " I'm on it Bacon." Bamm! Bamm! He was there, Richard Simons pounding on the window, "Let me in folks and together we can get rid of those stormy thunder thighs." "Leader of the Pack." All of the sudden the customers began to dance to the hypnotic music. Hamm tried to fend it (Ricard Simons) off with his Veggie Burger but than he realized that the Burger was not Fatty enough so he to began to dance. Pork Chop in fear of his life lobed his burger into the beasts mouth. " High protien cheese and non-fat dressing can not harm me. Ha, Ha, Ha!" Pork Chop then was thrown into the trance and uncontrolably began to dance the watusi. Is this the end of the line for the pigs? Will the pigs be covered in a blanket of exercise instead of panecake... But wait look over there could it be, yes it is Big Bacon Boy! "Baa Baa Baa," a trumpet sounded in the background. "Ha, Ha Richard it is the end of the line for you. You are not wanted in

A.V Lundstedt- Scandinavian Realist

Brief Historical Background of A V Lundstedt Lundstedt (1882-1955) was a Swedish jurist and a proponent of Scandinavian Legal Realism. He was also a professor of Law at the University of Uppsala in Sweden, from 1914 to 1952. Similarly to Haegerstrom, Ross and Olivercrona, he resisted the exposition of rights as metaphysical entities- contending that realistic legal analysis should dispense with such ideology. Beyond being a prominent tort law scholar, Lundstedt was also a social democratic member of the Swedish Parliament from 1929 to 1948.The body of his work can be viewed as an attempt to revolutionise the field of jurisprudence by transforming the law into a catalyst for political and social reform. Legal Knowledge and Legal Science Lundstedt is regarded by some as the most extreme and buoyant of the Scandinavian realists. Lundstedt advocated that legal science should be conceived of as a real science, and to that end he rejected traditional legal science. His main objection to tr aditional legal science was that it employed metaphysical concepts; inter alia, â€Å"right†, â€Å"duty†, â€Å"wrong –doing† and â€Å"guilt†.The focal point of his theoretical work was his sustained attacks towards what he termed the method of justice. The method of justice is the turn of phrase used by Lundstedt to denote traditional legal science, (derived from the traditional method of natural law), which holds that human beings are persons endowed with legal rights and duties. He was of the view that the term â€Å"right† and other metaphysical concepts employed by traditional legal science, were all illusory concepts ; that they were naught else but an intellectual play with expressions of feeling – as if something real were designated thereby.Such concepts could not be used because they did not refer to any natural facts – therefore the terms were devoid of any conceptual meaning. To cement the sphere of legal knowledg e as a bonafide, real science – legal science must be an empirical science, which deals with social facts: â€Å"As a science jurisprudence [legal science] must be founded on experience, observation of facts and actual connections, and consequently be a natural science. † He perceived that terms such as â€Å"legal order† and legal rules† are not concepts but merely empty words that ought to be replaced with the term â€Å"legal machinery†.Legal machinery in this vain, is used to denote the psychological factors that determine human behaviour in relation to the use of legal vocabulary. He postulated that legal concepts such as â€Å"right† and â€Å"duty† are also bereft of any conceptual meaning and should be abandoned. Therefore, the legal vocabulary of traditional legal science is to be understood as a matter of using words and noises to cause the appropriate behaviour; these words and noises are not concepts which could be said to be the reasons for human conduct.However Lundstedt conceded in his writings that, there are some realities that correspond to the concept of â€Å"rights†- namely, a position of advantage and safety, which is a result of the regular enforcement of certain legal rules and the psychological effects this had on the minds of people. In short, because the courts come to one’s aid when a person alleges an infringement of a â€Å"right†, a layman is left with the psychological impression that his/her right is real because the courts have sought to address the â€Å"wrong† they were done.As discussed earlier, the term â€Å"right† does not designate anything observable, tangible nor anything capable of sensory perception. One cannot show you their right- and thus Lundstedt argued that a â€Å"right† is a fictitious entity. It must be borne in mind that Lundstedt’s line of reasoning is not what is understood by the term â€Å"rights† wh en referenced in legal science nor in the public mind, and therefore he argued that it would be better still, to do away with the concept altogether.This stringent scientific attitude of Lundstedt’s , was committed to replacing the magical/metaphysical terms associated with traditional legal science scholarship, with scientific concepts having a basis in reality. In Lundstedt’s view, the scientific concepts were essentially empirical laws, stating the causal relations between the legal words and their effects upon human behaviour. The Method of Social Welfare Lundstedt was of the view that there was no objective means to define the requirements of justice, and that invocations of justice cloaked purely subjective preferences – i. e. he divergences of opinion concerning whether the death penalty is just. Alternatively he argued that such invocations of justice were representations of unacceptable metaphysical claims – i. e. in ancient Rome it was believed that the Emperor was the chosen emissary of God. For this reason, Lundstedt endeavoured to replace the method of justice with the method of social welfare, in solving legal problems. The method of social welfare is premised on social aims- that the aim of all legal activities such as judicial decision making, and the promulgation of legislation should be geared toward benefiting mankind.He emphasised that his notion of social welfare was not a moral or philosophical principle, but that the term should be understood in a descriptive sense; representing the actual valuations of people in society. He ardently denied that his method of social welfare was in anyway way related to the ethical theories of Jeremy Bentham or John Stuart Mill, as his theory was criticised as just another version of utilitarianism. For example, Lundstedt stated the purpose of punishment is not for revenge, but to maintain a system that is for the benefit of all i. . a system in which a thief is held liable for his damages. Were the purpose of the law to be â€Å"justice†, he opined that it could be argued that theft should be condoned if the thief is considerably worse off than the person(s) from whom he stole. (An illustration of why he rejected the concept of justice) Lundstedt argued that the method of social welfare is a scientific approach, as it is premised upon the reality of human needs and wants; and that the aforenamed are facts to be known by science.Lundstedt believed that his method should inform and shape legislation; as it was centred on the objective study of social conditions, and on the practical effects and capabilities of the law in improving society for all its members. In furthering his views that the law should be used as a vehicle for social reform, Lundstedt used this method as a line of argument against a proposed prohibition law in the 1920s. He was of the view that such a ban would harm the public respect for the law.In the 1930s he once again used his method to advocate for the decriminalization of homosexuality, which was quite a radical stance to take, taking into account the times in which he lived. Lundstedt’s arguments have been criticised as being not altogether convincing, as he failed to prove that people generally and truly supported the values he advocated. Moreover, he did not provide a measure for those situations in which the valuations of people differed greatly. ——————————————– [ 1 ].J Bjarup, The Philosophy of Scandinavian Legal Realism (2005) [ 2 ]. J-O Sundell, Vilhelm Lundstedt- A Biographical Sketch , (2010) [ 3 ]. Supra [ 4 ]. J Strang, Two Generations of Scandinavian Legal Realists,(2009) [ 5 ]. T Spaak, Naturalism in Scandinavian and American Realism: Similarities and Differences, [ 6 ]. Supra [ 7 ]. J Bjarup, The Philosophy of Scandinavian Legal Realism (2005) [ 8 ]. M Freeman & P Mindus, The Leg acy of John Austin’s Jurisprudence [ 9 ]. A. V. Lundstedt, Legal Thinking Revised, (1956) 10 ]. M Freeman & P Mindus, The Legacy of John Austin’s Jurisprudence, [ 11 ]. Supra [ 12 ]. M Freeman & P Mindus, The Legacy of John Austin’s Jurisprudence [ 13 ]. J Strang, Two Generations of Scandinavian Realists,(2009) [ 14 ]. Supra [ 15 ]. J Bjarup, The Philosophy of Scandinavian Legal Realism, (2005) [ 16 ]. Supra [ 17 ]. Some believe that it is the retribution of society that justifies the death penalty, whilst others aver that it is not for mortals to deprive the ‘killer’ of life.Whichever side of the coin you fall, your perception as to what is just and moreover whether the death penalty is or is not an injustice depends heavily upon your feelings and values concerning human life. [ 18 ]. J Bjarup, The Philosophy of Scandinavian Legal Realism, (2005) [ 19 ]. Supra [ 20 ]. J Strang, Two Generations of Scandinavian Realists,(2009) [ 21 ]. Supra [ 22 ]. J -O Sundell, Vilhelm Lundstedt- A Biographical Sketch , (2010) [ 23 ]. J Bjarup, The Philosophy of Scandinavian Legal Realism, (2005)

Sydney Harbour Bridge

Australia is known all over the globe for several reasons. The natural beauties of the country and the wild life are always on the top of the list. But when thinking about Australia there are two super structures that come to mind, The Sydney Opera House and The Sydney Harbour Bridge. In this short report it can be found small history along with a short description about the Sydney Bridge.II. Main Body II. 1 History The first plans to build a bridge actually goes back to year of 1815, but it wasn’t until 1922, after being delayed manly because of the WWI, that the parliament approved the laws for the construction of this massive structure. The actual work didn’t begin until 1924 and took 8 years, a 1400 men work force, and several tragic accidents to finally finish it (Australian Government).The official opening ceremony was on 19 March 1932, were the Premier of New South Wales was supposed to cut the ribbon, but a man in military clothe riding a horse, slash the ribbon before the ceremony began, declaring the bridge opened in the name of the people of Australia. II. 2 Description Also known as the â€Å"Coathanger† by many residents of the city of Sydney, the Harbour Bridge is, until the date, the world’s largest, but not longest steel arch bridge.This 53,000 tons structure is located in the Sydney Harbor, uniting the Central Business District (or CBD) at Dawes Point with the commercial and residential areas in the North Shore at Milsons Point (Wikipedia 2010). The bridge is about 500 meters long. Today carries eight traffic lanes, two rail lines, one in each direction, a pedestrian pathway on the eastern side and a cycleway on the western side of the bridge. The arch summit is about 135 meters above the average harbour water level. There are four pylons at each end of the arch that weren’t part of the initial design and they don’t actually fulfil any structural purpose.These structures were added latter on to improve the appearance of the bridge, but now they were all put into use, the most famous being the one located in the south east of the bridge. This particular pylon now holds a three stories museum with the bridge history (Wikipedia 2010). III. Conclusion As can be seen the Sydney Harbour Bridge not only works as a mean to cross the harbour in a more efficient way, but it has become one of the most important landmarks of Australia, thanks to its architecture, beautiful views and tourist attractions.It doesn’t matter if you’ve been there or not, when somebody talks about Sydney, is almost inevitable but to think about this structure. ?IV. Bibliography Wikipedia 2010, Sydney Harbour Bridge, viewed 2 December 2010,   http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Sydney_Harbour_Bridge

UMSL, University of Missouri St. Louis Admissions Data

UMSL, University of Missouri St. Louis Admissions Data UMSL Description: UMSL, the University of Missouri-St. Louis, is a regional public university and the largest university in the St. Louis region. The 350-acre campus has ready access to public transportation and area restaurants, museums and sporting events. The school was founded in 1960, and continued to expand throughout the 1970s. About 80% of UMSL students come from greater St. Louis region. Students can choose from 54 bachelors degree programs; professional fields in business, education, nursing and criminal justice are among the most popular with undergraduates. Classes are supported by a 17 to 1 student / faculty ratio, and about 70% of classes have fewer than 30 students. Outside of the classroom, students can join a number of clubs and activities, ranging from academic clubs, to recreational sports, to performing arts ensembles. On the athletic front, the UMSL Tritons compete in the NCAA Division II Great Lakes Valley Conference. The university fields five mens and six womens intercollegiate sports. Popular sports include soccer, tennis, golf, basketball, and volleyball. Admissions Data (2016): University of Missouri Acceptance Rate: 71%Test Scores 25th / 75th PercentileSAT Critical Reading: 470  / 520SAT Math: 470 / 560SAT Writing: - / -What these SAT numbers meanACT Composite: 21  / 27ACT English: 21 / 27ACT Math: 19 / 26What these ACT numbers mean Enrollment (2016): Total Enrollment: 16,989  (13,898 undergraduates)Gender Breakdown: 43% Male / 57% Female39% Full-time Costs (2016 - 17): Tuition and Fees: $9,394 (in-state); $24,525 (out-of-state)Books: $1,000 (why so much?)Room and Board: $10,032Other Expenses: $3,038Total Cost: $23,464  (in-state); $38,595 (out-of-state) UMSL Financial Aid (2015  - 16): Percentage of New Students Receiving Aid: 93%Percentage of New Students Receiving Types of AidGrants: 90%Loans: 50%Average Amount of AidGrants: $12,546Loans: $5,804 Academic Programs: Most Popular Majors:  Accounting, Business, Communication, Criminology, Elementary Education, Nursing, Psychology Retention and Graduation Rates: First Year Student Retention (full-time students): 79%4-Year Graduation Rate: 29%6-Year Graduation Rate: 53% Intercollegiate Athletic Programs: Mens Sports:  Basketball, Soccer, Tennis, Golf, BaseballWomens Sports:  Soccer, Tennis, Volleyball, Softball, Golf, Basketball Data Source: National Center for Educational Statistics If You Like UMSL, You May Also Like These Schools: University of Missouri: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphTruman State University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphWebster University: Profile  Saint Louis University: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphLindenwood University: Profile  SIU Edwardsville: Profile  Lincoln University: Profile  University of Kansas: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphWashington University in St Louis: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphRockhurst University: Profile  University of Arkansas: Profile | GPA-SAT-ACT GraphMissouri State University: Profile   UMSL Mission Statement: mission statement from umsl.edu/services/academic/strategic-plan/vision-mission.html The University of Missouri-St. Louis provides excellent learning experiences and leadership opportunities for a diverse student body. Outstanding faculty and staff, innovative research, and creative partnerships foster synergies that advance the welfare of our stakeholders and benefit the global society.

Helen Keller Quotes That Inspire

Helen Keller Quotes That Inspire Although Helen Keller lost her sight and hearing at an early age, she lived a long and productive life as an author and activist. She was a pacifist during World War I and a socialist, an advocate for womens rights and a member of the fledgling American Civil Liberties Union. Helen Keller traveled to 35 countries during her lifetime to support the rights of the blind. Her indomitable spirit saw her through her handicap. Her words speak of the wisdom and strength that was the essence of her life. Helen Kellers Thoughts on Optimism Keep your face to the sunshine and you cannot see the shadows. Optimism is the faith that leads to achievement. Nothing can be done without hope and confidence. Believe. No pessimist ever discovered the secrets of the stars or sailed to an uncharted land or opened a new heaven to the human spirit. What I am looking for is not out there; it is in me. When one door of happiness closes, another opens; but often we look so long at the closed door that we do not see the one which has been opened for us. Be of good cheer. Do not think of todays failures, but of the success that may come tomorrow. You have set yourself a difficult task, but you will succeed if you  persevere, and  you will find a joy in overcoming obstacles. Never bend your head. Always hold it high. Look the world right in the eye. The Importance of Faith Faith is the strength by which a shattered world shall emerge into the light. I believe in the immortality of the soul because I have within me immortal longings. It gives me a deep, comforting sense that things seen are temporal and things unseen are eternal. About Ambition It is for us to pray not for tasks equal to our powers, but for powers equal to our tasks, to go forward with a great desire forever beating at the door of our hearts as we travel toward our distant goal. One can never consent to creep when one feels an impulse to soar. The Joy of Companionship Walking with a friend in the dark is better than walking alone in the light. Relationships are like Rome- difficult to start out, incredible during the prosperity of the golden age, and unbearable during the fall. Then, a new kingdom will come along and the whole process will repeat itself until you come across a kingdom like Egypt ... that  thrives  and continues to flourish. This kingdom will become your best friend, your soul mate and your love. Our Ability We can do anything we want if we stick to it long enough. I am only  one; but  still, I am one. I cannot do everything, but  still, I can do something. I will not refuse to do something I can do. I long to accomplish a great and noble task, but it is my chief duty to accomplish small tasks as if they were great and noble. When we do the best we can, we never know what miracle is wrought in our life or in the life of another. Thoughts on Life The best and most beautiful things in life cannot be seen, not touched, but are felt in the heart. We would never learn to be brave and patient if there were only joy in the world. What we have once enjoyed we can never lose. All that we love deeply becomes a part of us. Life is a succession of lessons which must be lived to be understood. Life is an exciting business, and most exciting when it is lived for others. Believe, when you are most unhappy, that there is something for you to do in the world. So long as you can sweeten anothers pain, life is not in vain. True happiness ... is not attained through self-gratification, but through fidelity to a worthy purpose. The Beauty of Hope Once I knew only darkness and stillness. My life was without past or future. But a little word from the fingers of another fell into my hand that clutched at emptiness and my heart leaped to the rapture of living. Although the world is full of suffering, it is full also of the overcoming of it. Alone we can do so little; together we can do so much. To keep our faces toward change, and behave like free spirits in the presence of fate, is strength undefeatable. The Challenges We Face The marvelous richness of human experience would lose something of rewarding joy if there were no limitations to overcome. The hilltop hour would not be half so wonderful if there were no dark valleys to traverse. Character cannot be developed in ease and quiet. Only through experiences of trial and suffering can the soul be strengthened, vision cleared, ambition inspired and success achieved. I seldom think about my limitations, and they never make me sad. Perhaps there is just a touch of yearning at times; but it is vague, like a breeze among flowers. Self-pity is our worst enemy and if we yield to it, we can never do anything wise in the world. The most pathetic person in the world is someone who has sight but has no vision. Random Musings Our democracy is but a name. We vote. What does that mean? It means that we choose between two bodies of real- though not avowed- autocrats. We choose between Tweedledum and Tweedledee. People do not like to think. If one thinks, one must reach conclusions. Conclusions are not always pleasant. Science may have found a cure for most evils; but it has found no remedy for the worst of them all- the apathy of human beings. It is wonderful how much time good people spend fighting the devil. If they would only expend the same amount of energy loving their fellow men, the devil would die in his own tracks of ennui. Security is mostly a superstition. It does not exist in nature, nor do the children of men as a whole experience it. Avoiding danger is no safer in the long run than outright exposure. Life is either a daring  adventure  or nothing. Knowledge is love and light and vision. Toleration is the greatest gift of mind; it requires the same effort of the brain that it takes to balance oneself on a bicycle.

United Nations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

United Nations - Essay Example and Social Council (ECOSOC), the General Assembly, the Security Council, the Secretariat, and the International Court of Justice (Banerjee and Sharma 2007 p.35). The UN fulfils its role of peace keeping by sending its troops to keep peace in areas of antagonism. ECOSOC is responsible for ensuring social and economic development among UN’s member states. In a bid to fulfil its objectives, ECOSOC has formed several agencies such as UN Development Program (UNDP) the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the UN Children’s Fund (UNICEF). UNDP’s functions include publishing the UN Human Development Index and offering grant based technical assistance. Through the UN Human Development Index, much has been done in eradicating poverty, illiteracy and improving development in some of the badly hit countries. One of FAO’s tasks is promoting agriculture and in doing so, some of the food problems in developing countries have been solved. UN has also played an important role in preventing child abuse and fighting for children’s rights across the globe through UNICEF. UN has other agencies such as the World Bank, the International Monetary Fund (IMF), and the World Health Organization (WHO). Through the World Bank many countries have accessed development loans thereby reducing the levels of under development especially in the developing countries. In times of disaster and emergencies the UN has been on the forefront of resolving the crisis by offering funds via the IMF. WHO is responsible for eradicating diseases and offering solutions for international health problems. For instance, WHO was responsible for eradication of smallpox, polio, leprosy and just recently almost came up with a cure for the Ebola pandemic. WHO is also responsible for distributing vaccines across the world such as the tetanus vaccine. UN is on the forefront of fighting the AIDS epidemic through the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS). In addition, UN’s WFP provides 26 % of